Comparison and Contrast

A comparison and Contrast pattern presents similarities(comparisons) between two or more things, differences(contrasts) between two or more things, or both similarities and differences. Authors use it when they want to explain or describe hot two or more things are alike or different. they use it when they want to present opposing sides of an issue (such as the issue of gun control or capital punishment). For this reason, you may also hear the pattern referred to as ideas in opposition. Your job as a reader is to determine what is being compared or contrasted, and the ways in which they are similar or different (Elder,2008:133)
Ex.
 
Example: Apples and oranges are both fruits, which means that they have seeds inside of them. Each has a skin, but orange skins are thick and easy to peel. Apple skins are thinner and do not peel easily. Oranges also contain more acid than apples, but both fruits are delicious.
Identifying when the writer is comparing and contrasting is usually not difficult because the speaker will bounce back and forth between two subjects and this pattern is generally pretty easy to recognize.  However, here are some signal words that may indicate that the text is written using the compare and contrast organizational pattern: like, unlike, both, neither, similar, and different.

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Ex.

Procedure

Today is Sunday. I makeup class all day. Today, I learn 2 unit “Procedure” and “Comparison and Contrast”

What did you learn?

In the morning, I learn “Procedure”. The unit about how to something

Procedure or instruction (How something is done)

Instructions belong to a group of text-type concerned with procedures, which tell us how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps. It is a very important genre in our society because it enables us to get things done, and it is equally common in the oral and written mode (Derewianka, 1991:27)

Purpose:

The purpose is to tell the reader how to do or make something.

The information is presented in a logical sequence of events which is broken up into small sequence steps. These texts are usually written in the present tense.
The most common example of a procedural text is a recipe
Text organization
The focus of instruction texts is on a sequence of action.
The structure is easily recognized, usually consisting of:
Goal (often indicated in the main heading and/or diagram)
Materials (listed in order of use)
Method (step oriented towards achieving the goal)
How to make a Banana Shake

 

Ingredients

• 3 Bananas
• 2 large scoops Ice cream
• 1/2 cup milk
• 4 drops Vanilla essence
• 1 sprinkle Cinnamon

Instructions

1. Peel the bananas and place them in to a plastic bag in the freezer, be careful that the bananas are not touching.
2. Once the bananas are frozen add them along with the ice cream, milk and Vanilla essence into the blender.
3. On high bend the mix until it has reached an even thickness and there are no longer chunks of frozen banana.
4. Pour the shake in to two tall glasses for you and a friend to enjoy, although they look ready to drink now don't forget to sprinkle them with cinnamon first it makes them all the better.

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Banana Cake Recipe

 






 Ingredients: 

2 cups plain (all purpose) flour
1/2 teaspoons baking soda
1 teaspoon baking powder
1 cup white sugar
1/2 teaspoon of salt
1 egg
5 tablespoons milk
1/2 cup (125g) butter or margarine
1 cup mashed ripe bananas
1/2 cup chopped walnuts (optional)

  Method: 

1) Preheat oven to 175 degrees C or 350 degrees F.
2) Sift together the flour, baking soda, baking powder and salt in a bowl.
3) In a separate large bowl, cream together the sugar and butter (or margarine)
4) Beat the egg slightly and mix into the creamed mixture along with the bananas.
5) Hand mix in the sifted dry ingredients and milk alternatively in around 3 intervals, starting with the dry.
6) Put the mixture into a greased and floured (or line with baking paper) 9”x5” loaf pan.
7) Bake at 175 degrees C (or 350 degrees F) until the top is brown and cracks on top, or a skewer when inserted comes out clean. *Mine took 52 minutes.

NOTE: *Reason for hand mixing is due to the fact that the mixture is relatively thick and sticky, and hand mixing it with some patience prevents you from over-mixing the batter and making the cake tough.

 

Source: http://cookake.blogspot.com/2011/11/banana-cake-recipe.html
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 Chicken soup

 Ingredients

• 55g/2oz butter
• 2 onions, sliced
• 2 sticks celery, finely chopped
• 2 carrots, finely diced
• 25g/2oz plain flour
• 1.2 litres/2 pints chicken stock
• 450g/1lb cooked chicken, skinned and shredded
• 1 tbsp chopped fresh parsley
• salt and freshly ground black pepper                             

Method

1. Melt the butter in a large saucepan over a medium heat and gently fry the onions, celery and carrots until they start to soften.
2. Stir in the flour and cook for 2 minutes. Add the chicken stock and bring the mixture to the boil, stirring as you do so. Season with salt and pepper, then reduce the heat until the mixture is simmering and simmer for 10 minutes, until the vegetables are tender.
3. Add the cooked chicken and cook until heated through. Adjust the seasoning, stir in the parsley and serve.

Source:http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/chickensoup_1918

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What did you find easy?

It’s easy for menu and cooking video.

What did you find difficult?

It’s difficult to find answer the question. I am confuse.

Descriptive (Continue)

From last week, I learn new unit “Descriptive”. Today, I learn “Descriptive” continue. I learn about describe place “Budapest and Prague”

What did you learn today?

I learn describe place “Budapest and Prague”

Budapest

 

The Szecheny Chain Bridge 

The National Library 

 

The Castle Museum 

The Budapest Parliament 

 St. Stephen's Day 

Prague

 

 Prague Castle 

 

 Old Town Square 

 The Charles Bridge 

 

What did you find easy?

Many place in Budapest and Prague I find picture on my smartphone for watch place. It is beautiful places.

What did you find difficult?

I find difficult mark the words that describe the places according to the text because of I no understand with question.

What did you solve the problem?

I understand with question many times and I find mark the words. I listen to teacher and underline it.

Descriptive

Descriptive text is a text which says what a person, a thing or a place is like.

What did you learn today?

 I learn new unit “Descriptive”. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing. This kind of text helps us visualize and understand a topic.

Generic Structure: Descriptive text has structure as below  

Identification: identifying the phenomenon to be describe

Description: describing the phenomenon in part, qualities, or/and characteristics.

Description

Ant

 

 

Komodo Dragon (Varanus Komodoensis)

 

 

 What did you find easy?

I learn this unit, I find easy more than difficult. Because I like to learn this it. I find vocabulary from dictionary and learn in class.

What did you find difficult?

Some word find difficult. I find from dictionary and listen to teacher. Some word to science name.

What did you solve the problem?

I find many word to dictionary online and listen to teacher. I wrote on my paper.